You installed 4KB. It brought 87 friends.

Briefing

Why does adding one small utility increase the bundle by far more than its own size, and why does the same library appear three times?

A dependency graph, weighed honestly: transitive depth, duplicate versions and the tree-shaking that did not happen.

Laboratory

Architecture Lab

Level

SYSTEMS

Estimated time

9 minutes

Method

investigation

Variables under observation

transitive dependenciestree shakingside effectsESM vs CJSduplication